Scripting Language ↔ Programming Language with Primitives based on API calls to automate a pre-existing system

typically also Interpreted Language

PHP

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor; General-Purpose Scripting Language for Web Dev

Perl

Python

High-Level General-Purpose Scripting Language with emphasis on code readability via indentation

Ruby

References

1. PHP ↔ PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor; General-Purpose Scripting Language for Web Dev

2. Python ↔ High-Level General-Purpose Scripting Language with emphasis on code readability via indentation

3. JS ↔ Multi-paradigm High-Level Prototypal Inheritance OOP Scripting Language for full stack Web Dev